Autonomy Vs. Paternalism In Mental Health Treatment Essay -- essays re

Autonomy Vs. Paternalism In Mental Health Treatment The assignment for this Ethics class was to review Mr. Jacob's treatment, as described by the New York State Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally disabled (1994). The class was further asked to comment on the major issues for each of the three perspectives. The agencies, family and review board were to be included. This student will begin with a fourth perspective; that of Mr. Gordon. In the Matter of Jacob Gordon (1994), is the story of the last eight years of a psychiatrically disabled man's life. Mr. Gordon appeared to vacillate between striving for autonomy and accepting the support of his family. Unfortunately, it appeared by this account that the families support was not synonymous with autonomy. It did not appear that Mr. Gordon had ever desired or sought agency intervention for himself. Mr. Gordon's association with the mental health system appeared to be marked by power and control issues. "Consumers/ex-patients often report a feeling of "invisibility"; they sense that their views and desires do not matter (Carling, 1995, p.79 )." The commission's report (1995) spoke of several incidences where Mr. Gordon eluded to his desire for autonomy. Mr. Gordon did not wish to live in a supervised setting. Mr. Gordon did not wish to attend group day treatment settings. Mr. Gordon did not wish to use medication in the treatment of his mental health disorder. Without medication his behavior was deemed unacceptable and did not permit him the opportunity to have any of these choices. "Choice is a right-not a privilege to be afforded by good behavior (Penny, 1994, p. 29)." Mr. Gordon's right of choice was limited even though he lived in his apartment independently. The condition of his apartment was scrutinized. His medication was closely monitored; sometimes to the degree that he was directed to leave his home to receive medication that was given to him crushed, in an attempt to insure it's ingestion. "Even peoples liberties in a highly controlled board and care home may be scarcely greater than in a hospital ward (Rubenstien, 1994, p.54)." In Mr. Gordon's case even within the sanctity of his own home, his liberties were scarcely greater than in a hospital ward. Other than his autonomy the second issue for Mr. Gordon appears to be the need for safety and suppor... ... on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled. New York State Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled. A Pamphlet. What is The Commission? New York: Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled. Corey, G., Corey, M.S., Callanan, P. (1993). Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions. (4th ed.). California: Brook/Cole Publishing Co. Penny, D.J. (1994). Choice, common sense, and responsibility: the systems obligations to recipients. In C. J Sundram (Ed.), Choice & Responsibility (pp. 29-32). New York: NYS Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled. Rooney, R. (1992). The ethical foundation for work with involuntary clients. Strategies for Work with Involuntary Clients. (pp. 53-74). New York: Columbia University Press. Sundram, C.J. (1994). A framework of thinking about choice and responsibility. In C. J. Sundram (Ed.), Choice & Responsibility (pp. 3-16). New York: NYS Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled. Surles, R.C. (1994). Free choice, informed choice, and dangerous choices. In C.J. Sundram (Ed.), Choice & Responsibility (pp. 17-24). New York: NYS Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled.

Hamlet 1990 Essay

In the course of time, William Shakespeare had been one of the most famous writers of all time. As an author, he was able to create different types of stories which had been literary treasures for the society until this very day. Therefore, Shakespeare is a staple literary author who is able to provide his perception and wisdom in the world. Furthermore, there are different versions made to interpret the story written by Shakespeare, some of these are plays or movies which had been presented to the whole society in different parts of the world. One of the most popular literature works written by Shakespeare is Hamlet which is still interpreted until the present time. This review will be based on Shakespeare’s tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. This film was directed by the well known director Franco Zeffirelli which starred Oscar nominees Mel Gibson, Glenn Close, Paul Scofield and Alan Bates. The main story of Hamlet was led to a complex relationship with all the characters involved. In the story, it is Hamlet who has the most complicated character in the story. One of these is Hamlet’s relationship with Gertrude which could be seen through different types of perceptions and interpretations. Reflecting on the literature made by Shakespeare, it was narrated that Hamlet intended to kill Claudius for avenge of his father’s death. However in the movie, Hamlet is motivated to kill Claudius due to his love for his mother. Furthermore, the movie utilized these lines, â€Å"You cannot call it love; for at your age the hey day in the blood is tame, it’s humble. † Afterwards, the scene shows that Hamlet and his mother kissed in a very romantic way. Thus, the kiss presented that their relationship is possibly more than just mother and son. In the literary work Shakespeare he is not able to mention such type of relationship between Hamlet and his mother. In other interpretations, the relationship of Gertrude and Hamlet did not surpass a romantic relationship. Therefore, the romantic relationship of Gertrude and Hamlet could be an interpretation of the director. More so, various kinds of movies are not the same as others. There are portions of the literary work which was limited to certain characters and scenes. Hence depending on the director, he is able to contort or develop the story through his own liking. Definitely, this relationship of Hamlet and Gertrude is an important plot of the story which relies on the desire of the director or the producer. Moreover, this version of Hamlet is very controversial it maintains a certain level of immorality due to the romantic relationship of Hamlet and Gertrude. There are many attempts to create a very realistic interpretation of the story. Therefore in this movie the director unveiled the possible sexual and romantic attachment of both characters. Although such relationship is a taboo and immoral for the society, it reveals certain possibilities for the audience to realize that such event could have happened in the mind of Shakespeare.

Asymmetric Threats Essay - 1958 Words

Currently there are several definitions of asymmetric threats listed throughout the internet as well as other literature. The definition that best sums up the meaning in my view is leveraging unconventional tactics against a superior opponent with the goal of disrupting the willingness to achieve the operational objectives. The most common and current example of this would be the insurgency tactics used in Iraq and Afghanistan. The United States must not assume those tactics and strategies will only be used abroad. The same asymmetric threats our country’s security initiative is facing are the same challenges are seaports are facing. Some examples of the potential asymmetric threats the United States seaport faces are nuclear weapons,†¦show more content†¦The impact of a chemical environment would also lessen the dominance of a United States military operation. The United States military is commonly known to operate both deployment and re-deployment operations a t specific ports of embarkation and debarkation; making targeting for a chemical attack fairly simple. Like chemical weapons, biological weapons are easy to obtain, but the area covered by such an attack is fairly small and limited. The most effective area to use a chemical weapon on a seaport would be the operation center of that port due to the limited damage it will cause to the infrastructure. The psychological effect of VX or Sarin would devastate any port operation and to trace the origin of the agents would prove to be very difficult. The most common vulnerabilities to seaports exist due to the geographical location and the amount of activity surrounding most seaports. Highways, railways, and joining waterways create many security issues and make larger seaports terrorist strategic targets. The sheer size of the sea requires numerous resources and assets from agencies such as the United States Coast Guard. The task of monitoring and securing seaports is an international challenge because the United States trade goods with various countries. Security standards vary from country to country causing any substandard port to become anShow MoreRelatedThe Nature of Warfare1074 Words   |  4 Pagesnon-traditional actors abide by the same set of international standards and rules of law. The United States can no longer expect to face a purely conventional threat. As a result, the U.S. military must be prepared to conduct both regular and irregular warfare successfully, although irregular warfare is more challenging a nd poses a greater threat to U.S. strategic objectives. 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